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What Must Be Said
◎Guenter Grass（鈞特葛拉斯）∕ 沈政男 翻譯自英文版本
What is you having to say?
What Must Be Said
不得不說
◎Guenter Grass（鈞特葛拉斯）∕ 沈政男 翻譯自英文版本
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德國小說家、1999年諾貝爾文學獎得主鈞特葛拉斯（如附圖），數周前在德國報紙寫了一首政治詩，對以色列擴充核武表達憂慮與抗議，結果在歐洲引起軒然大波。
葛拉斯認為，德國人因為納粹暴行的原罪，不敢批評以色列的所作所為，是不對的；他認為以色列拿伊朗的核武威脅做藉口，發展核子軍備，德國根本不該賣潛艇給以色列。他呼籲以色列應接受國際檢視，才能確保和平。
葛拉斯因為在二戰期間曾參加納粹，他的意見免不了讓人揣測動機。以色列看了這詩當然不爽，將他列為不受歡迎人物。
其實，葛拉斯在詩中表達的政治意見，沒什麼高明之處，一般德國人都知道。
而葛拉斯的詩，或者說只是參差排列的散文，實在不怎麼樣。
小說家下來談政治，只會破壞自己在讀者心中的美好印象。小說家寫詩，嗯，更經常自曝其短。
不是說文學家不該談政治，反而是因為談得不夠多、選擇性地談，才會談得零零落落，跳不開族群、黨派、意識形態的本位主義，淪為「文筆比較好的巷議街談」。
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Why do I stay silent, conceal for too long
What clearly is and has been
Practiced in war games, at the end of which we as survivors
Are at best footnotes.
何以我緘默，隱瞞太久
那明顯之事，它已
在戰爭遊戲中被施行，終戰之時我輩存活者
至多只是註腳
It is the alleged right to first strike
That could annihilate the Iranian people--
Enslaved by a loud-mouth
And guided to organized jubilation--
Because in their territory,
It is suspected, a bomb is being built.
那是其所宣稱的第一擊的權利
足以殲滅伊朗人民——
他們臣服於一說嘴之徒
沉溺在集體歡騰——
因在其國度
讓人懷疑炸彈正在製造
Yet why do I forbid myself
To name that other country
In which, for years, even if secretly,
There has been a growing nuclear potential at hand
But beyond control, because no inspection is available?
然而何以我禁止自己
指出其他國家
在它之內，多年來，即便隱祕低調
早已擁有日漸增長隨時可用的潛在核武
但不受控制，因為檢視措施並不存在
The universal concealment of these facts,
To which my silence subordinated itself,
I sense as incriminating lies
And force--the punishment is promised
As soon as it is ignored;
The verdict of "anti-Semitism" is familiar.
這些事實遭受普遍隱滿，
我的沉默從屬而生，
有如入人於罪的謊言
與武力—懲罰將至
一旦輕忽不在意；
「反猶太」的判決隨即降臨
Now, though, because in my country
Which from time to time has sought and confronted
Its very own crime
That is without compare
In turn on a purely commercial basis, if also
With nimble lips calling it a reparation, declares
A further U-boat should be delivered to Israel,
Whose specialty consists of guiding all-destroying warheads to where the existence
Of a single atomic bomb is unproven,
But as a fear wishes to be conclusive,
I say what must be said.
然而今天，我的國家
那三天兩頭追尋與面對
自身的罪愆
舉世無雙的國度
基於純粹商業考量，或者也曾
鼓其簧舌稱之為修補關係，宣布
將再有一艘潛艇運抵以色列
那國家專精於將毀滅性彈頭瞄準
無任何原子彈存在證據
但只憑恐懼證據已足的所在
我說出不得不說之事
Why though have I stayed silent until now?
Because I thought my origin,
Afflicted by a stain never to be expunged
Kept the state of Israel, to which I am bound
And wish to stay bound,
From accepting this fact as pronounced truth.
然而何以我緘默至今？
因為我認為我的出身，
帶有永遠無法抹滅的汙點
使得以色列，我現在
也願一直心繫之國
無法接受並宣告此事實為真
Why do I say only now,
Aged and with my last ink,
That the nuclear power of Israel endangers
The already fragile world peace?
Because it must be said
What even tomorrow may be too late to say;
Also because we--as Germans burdened enough--
Could be the suppliers to a crime
That is foreseeable, wherefore our complicity
Could not be redeemed through any of the usual excuses.
何以等到現在，
年老，筆墨所剩無幾，
才說出以色列的核武威脅了
既已脆弱的世界和平？
因為必須說的
等到明天有可能已經太晚；
也因為我們—做為擔頭已重的德國人—
可能成為犯罪的資助者
那可預見的罪行，屆時我們的共犯行為
將無法免罪，即使提出任何常見藉口
And granted: I am silent no longer
Because I am tired of the hypocrisy
Of the West; in addition to which it is to be hoped
That this will free many from silence,
That they may prompt the perpetrator of the recognized danger
To renounce violence and
Likewise insist
That an unhindered and permanent control
Of the Israeli nuclear potential
And the Iranian nuclear sites
Be authorized through an international agency
By the governments of both countries.
所以：我不再緘默
因為我已厭倦
西方世界的偽善；除此之外也盼望
此舉將使眾人不再緘默
他們可以督促明確危險的肇禍者
拋棄暴力
並同樣堅持
無障礙與常態性的管制
針對以色列的潛在核武
與伊朗的核能位址
透過國際機構授權
獲得兩國政府允許
Only this way are all, the Israelis and Palestinians,
Even more, all people, that in this
Region occupied by mania
Live cheek by jowl among enemies,
And also us, to be helped.
唯有如此，所有人民，以色列與巴勒斯坦，
甚至更多的人民，在此一
被狂熱情緒占領的區域
彼此唇齒相依共存於敵人之中，
而我們一併，獲得助益
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